• Yinjun Lou, Yafang Ma, Jie Jin, and Honghu Zhu.
• Department of Hematology, Leukemia Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, College of Medicine, Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancies in Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China.
• Front Oncol. 2020 Jan 1; 10: 597601.

AbstractTreatment paradigm of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is by no mean the most remarkable story of cancer therapy. Recently, the advent of oral arsenic formulations (oral-arsenic trioxide and Realgar-Indigo Naturalis formula (RIF)) based regimens may provide a therapeutic advance by curing APL with two oral agents. Indeed, the oral RIF plus all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) without chemotherapy display highly efficacy in patients with APL. The safety profile of RIF plus ATRA make possible to treat APL patients in a home-based manner during postremission therapy. To our knowledge, RIF was the first commercially available oral arsenic agent approved in China. The RIF plus ATRA regimens are becoming a preferred frontline care for APL in China. In this review, we will discuss the history, current evidences and challengers of RIF-based strategies in APL. More and more APL patients may enjoy a cure with a normal quality-of-life after induction in the near future.Copyright © 2021 Lou, Ma, Jin and Zhu.

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