• Sanghamitra Mohanty, Andrea Natale, Prasant Mohanty, Luigi DI Biase, Chintan Trivedi, Pasquale Santangeli, Rong Bai, J David Burkhardt, G Joseph Gallinghouse, Rodney Horton, Javier E Sanchez, Patrick M Hranitzky, Amin Al-Ahmad, Steven Hao, Richard Hongo, Salwa Beheiry, Gemma Pelargonio, Giovanni Forleo, Antonio Rossillo, Sakis Themistoclakis, Michela Casella, RussoAntonio DelloADRCCS Monzino Hospital, Milan, Italy., Claudio Tondo, and Sanjay Dixit.
• Texas Cardiac Arrhythmia Institute, St. David's Medical Center, Austin, Texas, USA.
• J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 2015 Aug 1; 26 (8): 819-825.

BackgroundThis study examined incidence of AF following cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) ablation alone or CTI plus prophylactic pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) in patients presenting with isolated atrial flutter (AFL) with no history of AF.Methods And ResultsWe enrolled 216 patients with isolated typical atrial flutter and randomized them to CTI alone (group 1, n = 108, 61.2 ± 9.7 year, 75% male) or CTI+PVI ablation (group 2, n = 108, 62.4 ± 9.3 year, 73% male). Insertible loop recorder (ILR) was implanted in 21 and 19 patients from groups 1 and 2, respectively. Remaining patients were monitored with event recorders, ECG, 7-day Holter. Follow-up period was for 18 ± 6 months. Compared to group 1, group 2 had significantly longer procedural duration (75.9 ± 33 min vs. 161 ± 48 min [P < 0.001]) and fluoroscopy time (15.9 ± 12.3 min vs. 56.4+21 min [P < 0.001]). At the end of follow-up, 65 (60.2%) in group 1 and 77 (71.3%) in group 2 were arrhythmia free off-AAD (log-rank P = 0.044). A subgroup analysis was performed with 55 year age cut-off. In the <55 age group the CTI only population had similar success as in CTI+PVI, (21 of 24 [83.3%] vs. 19 of 22 [86.4%], respectively, log-rank P = 0.74). In the ≥55 group, having CTI+PVI showed significantly higher success compared to CTI only; 45 of 84 (53.6%) were AF/AT free in CTI only group versus 58 of 86 (67.4%) with CTI+PVI (log-rank P = 0.029).ConclusionProphylactic PVI reduced new-onset AF in patients with lone atrial flutter.© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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