• Mult. Scler. · Dec 2016

    The substrate of increased cortical FA in MS: A 7T post-mortem MRI and histopathology study.

    • Laura E Jonkman, Roel Klaver, Lazar Fleysher, Matilde Inglese, and Jeroen Jg Geurts.
    • Department of Anatomy & Neurosciences, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands le.jonkman@vumc.nl.
    • Mult. Scler. 2016 Dec 1; 22 (14): 1804-1811.

    BackgroundUsing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), it was previously found that demyelinated gray matter (GM) lesions have increased fractional anisotropy (FA) when compared to normal-appearing gray matter (NAGM) in multiple sclerosis (MS). The biological substrate underlying this FA change is so far unclear; both neurodegenerative changes and microglial activation have been proposed as causal contributors.ObjectiveTo test the proposed hypothesis that microglia activation is responsible for increased FA in cortical GM lesions.MethodsWe investigated post-mortem cortical DTI changes in hemispheric, coronally cut sections and investigated the underlying histopathology using immunohistochemistry.ResultsOverall, there were few activated microglia/macrophages, and no difference between GM lesions and NAGM was observed. However, cell density was increased in GM lesions compared to NAGM (309.67 ± standard deviation (SD) 124.44 vs 249.95 ± SD 56.75, p = 0.002).ConclusionFA increase was not due to lesional and non-lesional differences in microglia activation and/or proliferation. We found an increase in general cellular density without a notable difference in cellular size, that is, tissue compaction, as a possible alternative explanation.© The Author(s), 2016.

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