• Sandro Sironi, Maria Picchio, Claudio Landoni, Stefania Galimberti, Mauro Signorelli, Valentino Bettinardi, Patrizia Perego, Costantino Mangioni, Cristina Messa, and Ferruccio Fazio.
• School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
• Eur. J. Nucl. Med. Mol. Imaging. 2007 Apr 1; 34 (4): 472-9.

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to prospectively determine the diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT in the detection of recurrence in patients with treated uterine cancers.MethodsTwenty-five women, ranging in age from 37 to 79 years (mean 58.9 years), who underwent primary surgical treatment for either a cervical or an endometrial cancer met the inclusion criterion of the study, which was suspicion of recurrence based on results of routine follow-up procedures. PET/CT was performed after administration of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG); two readers interpreted the images in consensus. Histopathological findings or correlation with results of subsequent clinical and imaging follow-up examinations served as the reference standard. Diagnostic accuracy of PET/CT was reported in terms of the proportion of correctly classified patients and lesion sites.ResultsTumour recurrence was found at histopathological analysis or follow-up examinations after PET/CT in 14 (56%) of the 25 patients. Patient-based sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of PET/CT for detection of tumour recurrence were 92.9%, 100.0%, 100.0%, 91.7% and 96.0%, respectively. Lesion site-based sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy of PET/CT were 94.7%, 99.5%, 94.7%, 99.5% and 99.0%, respectively.ConclusionThis preliminary study shows that PET/CT may be an accurate method for the evaluation of recurrence in patients who have been treated for uterine cancers and are undergoing follow-up.

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