• Bo Han, Peng Yin, Yong Hai, Yunzhong Cheng, Li Guan, and Yuzeng Liu.
• Department of Orthopedic surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Chao-Yang District, Beijing, China.
• Spine. 2021 Sep 1; 46 (17): E945E953E945-E953.

Study DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.ObjectiveThe purpose of the study was to compare the outcomes and after spinal fusion with or without iliac screw (IS) insertion for patients with adult spinal deformity (ASD).Summary Of Background DataThe number of patients undergoing multilevel spinal stabilization for the treatment of ASD is growing. However, the selection of spinopelvic fixation for ASD patients with long fusion is controversial.MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed without time restriction according to the guidelines from the Cochrane Collaboration in May 2020 using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library. The comparison of the two types of fixation was evaluated by spinopelvic parameters, incidence rate of complications, rate of revision, and clinical outcomes at the last follow-up.ResultsThe literature search identified 422 records, of which eight studies were included for meta-analysis with a total of 439 patients. All the included studies provided level III evidence. There was no significant difference in the sagittal vertical axis, pelvic incidence, the proximal junctional kyphosis rates, the pseudarthrosis rates, the revision rates, and the clinical outcomes at the last follow-up between those who receive sacrum fixation and sacropelvic fixation. Nevertheless, greater lumbar lordosis (LL) (weighted mean difference [WMD], 4.15; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.46-5.84, P < 0.01), greater sacral slope (SS) (WMD, 2.32; 95% CI 1.21-3.43, P < 0.01), and lower rate of the distal instrumentation instability (odds ratio, 0.25; 95% CI 0.10-0.61, P = 0.002) were observed in IS group between the comparison.ConclusionThe clinical outcomes in the IS group were similar to those in the non-IS group, but the application of the IS significantly restored LL, prevented decompensation, and reduced the occurrence of the distal instrumentation instability. Therefore, the IS may be a good choice for the operative treatment of ASD patients with sagittal malalignment and other risks of lumbosacral fracture, metal breakage, and screw pullout.Level of Evidence: 3.Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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