• Karin E Eriksson, Fredrik Eidhagen, Jan Liska, Anders Franco-Cereceda, Jon O Lundberg, and Eddie Weitzberg.
• Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: karin.eriksson.1@ki.se.
• Br J Anaesth. 2021 Oct 1; 127 (4): 547-555.

BackgroundNitric oxide (NO) is an important signalling molecule in the cardiovascular system with protective properties in ischaemia-reperfusion injury. Inorganic nitrate, an oxidation product of endogenous NO production and a constituent in our diet, can be recycled back to bioactive NO. We investigated if preoperative administration of inorganic nitrate could reduce troponin T release and other plasma markers of injury to the heart, liver, kidney, and brain in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.MethodsThis single-centre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial included 82 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Oral sodium nitrate (700 mg×2) or placebo (NaCl) were administered before surgery. Biomarkers of ischaemia-reperfusion injury and plasma nitrate and nitrite were collected before and up to 72 h after surgery. Troponin T release was our predefined primary endpoint and biomarkers of renal, liver, and brain injury were secondary endpoints.ResultsPlasma concentrations of nitrate and nitrite were elevated in nitrate-treated patients compared with placebo. The 72-h release of troponin T did not differ between groups. Other plasma biomarkers of organ injury were also similar between groups. Blood loss was not a predefined outcome parameter, but perioperative bleeding was 18% less in nitrate-treated patients compared with controls.ConclusionPreoperative administration of inorganic nitrate did not influence troponin T release or other plasma biomarkers of organ injury in cardiac surgery.Clinical Trial RegistrationNCT01348971.Copyright © 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

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