• Jessica Gates, Akhilesh Sharma, and Arunesh Kumar.
• Department of Respiratory Medicine, Barking Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Ilford, UK.
• BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Mar 9; 2018.

AbstractWe present the case of a 34-year-old Nigerian woman who was referred to the Respiratory team with a 12-month history of breathlessness. She was concurrently being investigated for an abdominal mass and rectal and vaginal bleeding. Consequently, she underwent cross-sectional imaging of her chest, abdomen and pelvis, revealing a small right-sided pneumothorax and right lower lobe pleural-based lesion. Shortly thereafter, she was admitted to the hospital with chest pain and required chest drain insertion. This partially treated her pneumothorax but she required referral to a cardiothoracic centre for definitive diagnosis and to manage her non-resolving pneumothorax. Biopsies from the video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery confirmed the very rare diagnosis of thoracic endometriosis.© BMJ Publishing Group Ltd (unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2018. All rights reserved. No commercial use is permitted unless otherwise expressly granted.

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