• Abbey R Masonbrink, Mitch Harris, Matt Hall, Sunitha Kaiser, Alexander H Hogan, Kavita Parikh, Nicholas A Clark, and Shawn Rangel.
• Department of Pediatrics, Children's Mercy Hospital and University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri; armasonbrink@cmh.edu.
• Hosp Pediatr. 2021 Jun 1; 11 (6): e95-e100.

Background And ObjectivesThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted hospitals, potentially affecting quality and safety. Our objective was to compare pediatric hospitalization safety events during the pandemic versus previous years.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study of hospitalizations in the Pediatric Health Information System, we compared Pediatric Quality Indicator (PDI) rates from March 15 to May 31, 2017-2019 (pre-COVID-19), with those from March 15 to May 31, 2020 (during COVID-19). Generalized linear mixed-effects models with adjustment for patient characteristics (eg, diagnosis, clinical severity) were used.ResultsThere were 399 113 discharges pre-COVID-19 and 88 140 during COVID-19. Unadjusted PDI rates were higher during versus pre-COVID-19 for overall PDIs (6.39 vs 5.05; P < .001). In adjusted analyses, odds of postoperative sepsis were higher during COVID-19 versus pre-COVID-19 (adjusted odds ratio 1.28 [95% confidence interval 1.04-1.56]). The remainder of the PDIs did not have increased adjusted odds during compared with pre-COVID-19.ConclusionsPostoperative sepsis rates increased among children hospitalized during COVID-19. Efforts are needed to improve safety of postoperative care for hospitalized children.Copyright © 2021 by the American Academy of Pediatrics.

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