• L Martinez, J Demanet, V Mignaux, and F Dewavrin.
• Service de réanimation polyvalente et neurochirurgicale, centre hospitalier de Valenciennes, avenue Désandrouin 59300 Valenciennes, France. Electronic address: martinez-l@ch-valenciennes.fr.
• Rev Mal Respir. 2018 Jan 1; 35 (1): 25-35.

IntroductionTracheostomy is a commonly performed procedure. The aim of this study was to assess professional practice, describe patient characteristics and examine short and long-term outcomes.MethodsAll patients with CCAM GEPA004 code were retrospectively included.ResultsTwo hundred and fourteen (7%) patients who were mecanically ventilated had a tracheostomy performed in intensive care unit (ICU). Median time to tracheostomy was 22 (14-28) days. In total, 95.3% of tracheostomy procedures were surgical. Median age was 58 (48-67) years. Eighty-three (38.8%) tracheostomies were performed for respiratory reasons. Twenty-eight-day and 90-day mortality were 4.2% and 35.5%. One-year mortality was 52.4%. Patients with tracheostomies performed for weaning from mechanical ventilation had a higher mortality rate. After ICU discharge, mortality rate was 29.8% and was higher in non-decannulated patients. Patient characteristics, timing, technique, indication and outcomes were stable over the years.ConclusionYoung patients weaning from mechanical ventilation were more likely to receive a tracheostomy. More than half died during the first year. Patients discharged from ICU with a tracheostomy tube in place had higher mortality rate.Copyright © 2017 SPLF. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.

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