• Look AHEAD Research Group, Ariana M Chao, Thomas A Wadden, Robert I Berkowitz, George Blackburn, Paula Bolin, Jeanne M Clark, Mace Coday, Jeffrey M Curtis, Linda M Delahanty, Gareth R Dutton, Mary Evans, Linda J Ewing, John P Foreyt, Linda J Gay, Edward W Gregg, Helen P Hazuda, James O Hill, Edward S Horton, Denise K Houston, John M Jakicic, Robert W Jeffery, Karen C Johnson, Steven E Kahn, William C Knowler, Anne Kure, Katherine L Michalski, Maria G Montez, Rebecca H Neiberg, Jennifer Patricio, Anne Peters, Xavier Pi-Sunyer, Henry Pownall, David Reboussin, Bruce Redmon, W Jack Rejeski, Helmut Steinburg, Martha Walker, Donald A Williamson, Rena R Wing, Holly Wyatt, Susan Z Yanovski, and Ping Zhang.
• Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
• Obesity (Silver Spring). 2020 May 1; 28 (5): 893-901.

ObjectiveThis study evaluated weight changes after cessation of the 10-year intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) in the Look AHEAD (Action for Health in Diabetes) study. It was hypothesized that ILI participants would be more likely to gain weight during the 2-year observational period following termination of weight-loss-maintenance counseling than would participants in the diabetes support and education (DSE) control group.MethodsLook AHEAD was a randomized controlled trial that compared the effects of ILI and DSE on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in participants with overweight/obesity and type 2 diabetes. Look AHEAD was converted to an observational study in September 2012.ResultsTwo years after the end of the intervention (EOI), ILI and DSE participants lost a mean  (SE) of 1.2  (0.2) kg and 1.8  (0.2) kg, respectively (P = 0.003). In addition, 31% of ILI and 23.9% of DSE participants gained ≥ 2% (P < 0.001) of EOI weight, whereas 36.3% and 45.9% of the respective groups lost ≥ 2% of EOI weight (P = 0.001). Two years after the EOI, ILI participants reported greater use of weight-control behaviors than DSE participants.ConclusionsBoth groups lost weight during the 2-year follow-up period, but more ILI than DSE participants gained ≥ 2% of EOI weight. Further understanding is needed of factors that affected long-term weight change in both groups.© 2020 The Obesity Society.

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