• Bongyoung Kim, Rangmi Myung, Myoung-Jae Lee, Jieun Kim, and Hyunjoo Pai.
• Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul, 04763, Korea.
• Bmc Infect Dis. 2019 Jun 25; 19 (1): 554.

BackgroundThe objective of this study is to describe the changes in prescribing practices of antibiotics to treat acute pyelonephritis (APN) in Korea.MethodsThe claim data base of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea was used to select patients with ICD-10 codes N10 (acute tubulo-interstitial nephritis) or N12 (tubulo-interstitial nephritis, not specified as acute nor chronic) as the primary discharge diagnosis during 2010-2014. Consumption of each class of antibiotics was converted to Defined Daily Dose (DDD)/event.ResultsThroughout the five-year period, the average antibiotic consumption were 11.3 DDD per inpatient event and 6.0 DDD per outpatient event. The annual average antibiotic consumption increased for inpatients (P = 0.002), but remained stable for outpatients (P = 0.066). The use of parenteral antibiotics increased for inpatients (P < 0.001), but decreased for outpatients (P = 0.017). As for the the antibiotic classes, 3rd generation cephalosporins (3rd CEPs) was the most commonly prescribed (41.4%) for inpatients, followed by fluoroquinolones (FQs) (28.5%); for outpatient, FQs (54.8%) was the most commonly prescribed, followed by 3rd CEPs (13.1%). The use of 3rd CEPs (P < 0.001), beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitors (P = 0.007), and carbapenems (P < 0.001) increased substantially for the treatment of hospitalized APN patients. In particular, carbapenems use increased 3.1-fold over the 5 years.ConclusionsPrescription of broad-spectrum antibiotics increased much for the treatment of APN in Korea during 2010-2014.

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