• Linda H A Bonnie, VisserMechteld R MMRMDepartment of General Practice/GP Speciality Training, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands., KramerAnneke W MAWMDepartment of General Practice/GP Specialty Training, Leiden University, Leiden, South Holland, The Netherlands., and Nynke van Dijk.
• Department of General Practice/GP Speciality Training, Amsterdam UMC - Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, North Holland, The Netherlands l.h.bonnie@amsterdamumc.nl.
• BMJ Open. 2020 Apr 19; 10 (4): e036593.

ObjectivesTrust plays an important role in workplace-based postgraduate medical education programmes. Trainers must trust their trainees for granting them greater independence. Trainees must trust their trainer for a safe learning environment. As trainers' and trainees' trust in each other plays an important role in trainee learning and development, the authors aimed to explore the development of the mutual trust relationship between trainers and trainees.SettingThis study was performed in a general practice training department in the Netherlands.ParticipantsAll trainers and trainees of the general practice training department were invited to participate. Fifteen trainers and 34 trainees, voluntarily participated in focus group discussions.Outcome MeasuresThe authors aimed to gain insight in the factors involved in the development of the mutual trust relationship between trainers and trainees, in order to be able to create a model for the development of a mutual trust relationship between trainers and trainees. The risk-based view of trust was adopted as leading conceptual framework.ResultsIn the first stage of trust development, trainers and trainees develop basic trust in each other. Basic trust forms the foundation of the trust relationship. In the second stage, trainers develop trust in trainees taking into account trainees' working and learning performance, and the context in which the work is performed. Trainees trust their trainer based on the trainer'savailability and accessibility and the personal relationship between the trainee and their trainer. Trainee self-confidence modifies the development of a trust relationship.ConclusionThe development of a mutual trust relationship between trainers and trainees is a complex process that involves various stages, goals, factors and interactive aspects. As the mutual trust relationship influences the learning environment for trainees, greater emphasis on the mutual trust relationship may improve learning outcomes. Further research may explore the effect of long-term and short-term educational relationships on the trust relationship between trainers and trainees.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY. Published by BMJ.

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