• Anthony J Lewis, Timothy R Billiar, and Matthew R Rosengart.
• Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
• Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2016 Jun 1; 17 (3): 286-93.

AbstractSepsis is a complex, heterogeneous physiologic condition that represents a significant public health concern. While many insights into the pathophysiology of sepsis have been elucidated over the past decades of research, important questions remain. This article serves as a review of several important areas in sepsis research. Understanding the innate immune response has been at the forefront as of late, especially in the context of cytokine-directed therapeutic trials. Cellular bioenergetic changes provide insight into the development of organ dysfunction in sepsis. Autophagy and mitophagy perform crucial cell housekeeping and stress response functions. Finally, age-related changes and their potential impact on the septic response are reviewed.

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