• Benjamin K I Helfand, Nicholas J Maselli, Darleen M Lessard, Jorge Yarzebski, Joel M Gore, David D McManus, Jane S Saczynski, and Robert J Goldberg.
• Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.
• Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2015 Mar 1; 12 (2): 119-25.

BackgroundLimited data are available about the characteristics, treatment and survival in patients without diabetes mellitus (DM), previously diagnosed DM and patients with hyperglycaemia who present with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF). Our objectives were to examine differences in these endpoints in patients hospitalized with ADHF.MethodsPatients hospitalized with ADHF during 1995, 2000, 2002 and 2004 comprised the study population.ResultsA total of 5428 non-diabetic patients were hospitalized with ADHF, 3807 with diagnosed DM and 513 with admission hyperglycaemia. Patients with admission hyperglycaemia experienced the highest in-hospital death rates (9.9%) compared to those with diagnosed DM (6.5%) and non-diabetics (7.5%). Patients with diagnosed DM had the greatest risk of dying after hospital discharge.ConclusionsPatients with elevated blood glucose levels at hospital admission are more likely to die acutely. After resolution of the acute illness, patients with previously diagnosed DM need careful monitoring and enhanced treatment.© The Author(s) 2014.

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