• Ann Behav Med · Nov 2018

    Are Cardiovascular Risk Factors Stronger Predictors of Incident Cardiovascular Disease in U.S. Adults With Versus Without a History of Clinical Depression?

    • Brittanny M Polanka, Jessica Berntson, Elizabeth A Vrany, and Jesse C Stewart.
    • Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI), Indianapolis, IN.
    • Ann Behav Med. 2018 Nov 12; 52 (12): 1036-1045.

    BackgroundSeveral mechanisms underlying the depression-to-cardiovascular disease (CVD) relationship have been proposed; however, few studies have examined whether depression promotes CVD through potentiating traditional cardiovascular risk factors.PurposeTo test the combined influence of three cardiovascular risk factors and lifetime depressive disorder on incident CVD in a large, diverse, and nationally representative sample of U.S. adults.MethodsRespondents were 26,840 adults without baseline CVD who participated in Waves 1 (2001-2002) and 2 (2004-2005) of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Lifetime depressive disorder, tobacco use, hypertension, and incident CVD were determined from structured interviews, and body mass index (BMI) was computed from self-reported height and weight.ResultsLogistic regression models predicting incident CVD (1,046 cases) revealed evidence of moderation, as the interactions between lifetime depressive disorder and current tobacco use (p = .002), hypertension (p < .001), and BMI (p = .031) were significant. The Former Tobacco Use × Lifetime Depressive Disorder interaction was not significant (p = .85). In models stratified by lifetime depressive disorder, current tobacco use (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.36-2.32, p < .001 vs. OR = 1.41, 95% CI = 1.24-1.60, p < .001), hypertension (OR = 2.46, 95% CI = 1.98-3.07, p < .001 vs. OR = 1.39, 95% CI = 1.28-1.51, p < .001), and BMI (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01-1.20, p = .031 vs. OR = 1.03, 95% CI = 0.99-1.07, p = .16) were stronger predictors of incident CVD in adults with versus without a lifetime depressive disorder.ConclusionsOur findings suggest that amplifying the atherogenic effects of traditional cardiovascular risk factors may be yet another candidate mechanism that helps to explain the excess CVD risk of people with depression.

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