• Aviat Space Envir Md · May 2007

    Review

    Stress, mental health, and cognition: a brief review of relationships and countermeasures.

    • Melba C Stetz, Maria L Thomas, Michael B Russo, Thomas A Stetz, Robert M Wildzunas, Joshua J McDonald, Brenda K Wiederhold, and James A Romano.
    • U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, P. O. Box 620577, Fort Rucker, AL 36362-0577, USA. melba.stetz@us.army.mil
    • Aviat Space Envir Md. 2007 May 1; 78 (5 Suppl): B252-60.

    AbstractToday's network-centric battlefield environment is highly stressful and cognitively demanding. Many warfighters are feeling overwhelmed and end up being medically evacuated from theater due to mental health problems [i.e., post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression]. Of a sample of troops evacuated for psychiatric reasons, 21% (106 out of 509) had psychiatric histories prior to deploying to the theater of operations. Most cases were either related to stress (i.e., PTSD, n - 33, 310%) or to depression (n = 72, 66%). Stress disorders and depression predominate among the psychiatric causes for medical evacuation. This review paper discusses stress theories as they pertain to warfighting, the types of stress and stress disorders most prevalent on modern battlefields, the relationships among stress, psychiatric disease, and cognitive performance, and potential methods to decrease some types of stress-related acute and chronic disorders (i.e., virtual-reality stress inoculation training).

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