• Kent R Van Kampen, Zhongkai Shi, Peng Gao, Jianfeng Zhang, K Wade Foster, Dung-Tsa Chen, Donald Marks, Craig A Elmets, and De-chu C Tang.
• Vaxin Inc., VH-501, 1670 University Blvd., Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
• Vaccine. 2005 Jan 11; 23 (8): 1029-36.

AbstractThe increasing number and density of the human population, the emergence of lethal influenza strains, and the potential use of designer influenza virus as a bioweapon, collectively highlight a critical need for more rapid production of influenza vaccines and less invasive means of delivery. We have developed a nonreplicative adenovirus-vectored influenza vaccine that can be produced without the prerequisite of growing influenza virus. This new class of vaccines can be administered as a nasal spray or skin patch by personnel without medical training. We report here that adenovirus-vectored nasal and epicutaneous influenza vaccines were well tolerated by human volunteers. The nasal vaccine was more potent than its epicutaneous counterpart under the adjuvant-free experimental condition. These results provide the foundation for further human testing of needleless vectored vaccines as promising alternatives to current vaccines.

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