• Sabine Geiger-Gritsch, Horst Olschewski, Florian Kocher, Robert Wurm, Gudrun Absenger, Martin Flicker, André Hermann, Peter Heininger, Michael Fiegl, Melanie Zechmeister, Florian Endel, Claudia Wild, and Georg Pall.
• HTA Austria-Austrian Institute for Health Technology Assessment GmbH, Garnisongasse 7/20, 1090, Vienna, Austria. sabine.geiger-gritsch@aihta.at.
• Wien. Klin. Wochenschr. 2021 Nov 1; 133 (21-22): 1122-1130.

ObjectiveAs real-world data regarding immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer are lacking for Austria, we conducted a retrospective study in six hospitals to present data from real-world practice.MethodsPatients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer were stratified into two groups, either patients with first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy (cohort 1) or patients with second-line nivolumab, pembrolizumab or atezolizumab monotherapy (cohort 2). Primary outcome measures were objective response rate and overall survival. A matched-pair analysis was performed to compare overall survival to patients from the Tyrolean Lung Cancer Project as a historical control group.ResultsIn total, 89 patients were identified, 42 patients in cohort 1 and 47 patients in cohort 2. The objective response rates were 43.3% and 31.4%, respectively. The median overall survival was 17.0 months (95% CI 11.7-21.5 months) in cohort 1 and 18.7 months (95% CI 9.5-23.4 months) in cohort 2. Treatment-related adverse events grades 3 and 4 were reported in 11.2% of patients. The matched-pair analysis showed a median overall survival of 15.2 months (95% CI 7.6-20.4 months) for first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy compared to 9.8 months (95% CI 7.8-11.6 months) for the historical control (p = 0.43). In cohort 2, a median overall survival of 20.3 months (95% CI 6.9-26.2 months) for second-line immunotherapy compared to 5.4 months (95% CI 3.2-11.7 months) for the historical control (p = 0.18) was shown.ConclusionThe results are comparable with other real-world studies and, when matched to historical controls, support the improvement in outcomes made possible by these agents.© 2021. Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature.

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