• Donglin Wu, Shumei Zou, Tian Bai, Jing Li, Xiang Zhao, Lei Yang, Hongmin Liu, Xiaodan Li, Xianda Yang, Li Xin, Shuang Xu, Xiaohui Zou, Xiyan Li, Ao Wang, Junfeng Guo, Bingxin Sun, Weijuan Huang, Ye Zhang, Xiang Li, Rongbao Gao, Bo Shen, Tao Chen, Jie Dong, Hejiang Wei, Shiwen Wang, Qun Li, Dexin Li, Guizhen Wu, Zijian Feng, George F Gao, Yu Wang, Dayan Wang, Ming Fan, and Yuelong Shu.
• Jilin Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Jilin, China.
• Sci Rep. 2015 Jan 15; 5: 7630.

AbstractLive poultry markets are a source of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus. On February 21, 2014, a poultry farmer infected with H7N9 virus was identified in Jilin, China, and H7N9 and H9N2 viruses were isolated from the patient's farm. Reassortment between these subtype viruses generated five genotypes, one of which caused the human infection. The date of H7N9 virus introduction to the farm is estimated to be between August 21, 2013 (95% confidence interval [CI] June 6, 2013-October 6, 2013) and September 25, 2013 (95% CI May 28, 2013-January 4, 2014), suggesting that the most likely source of virus introduction was the first batch of poultry purchased in August 2013. The reassortment event that led to the human virus may have occurred between January 2, 2014 (95% CI November 8, 2013-February 12, 2014) and February 12, 2014 (95% CI January 19, 2014-February 18, 2014). Our findings demonstrate that poultry farms could be a source of reassortment between H7N9 virus and H9N2 virus as well as human infection, which emphasizes the importance to public health of active avian influenza surveillance at poultry farms.

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