• Yesenia Covarrubias, Kathryn J Fowler, Adrija Mamidipalli, Gavin Hamilton, Tanya Wolfson, Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard, Garth Jacobsen, Santiago Horgan, Jeffrey B Schwimmer, Scott B Reeder, and Claude B Sirlin.
• Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, La Jolla, California, USA.
• J Magn Reson Imaging. 2019 Oct 1; 50 (4): 1092-1102.

BackgroundQuantitative-chemical-shift-encoded (CSE)-MRI methods have been applied to the liver. The feasibility and potential utility CSE-MRI in monitoring changes in pancreatic proton density fat fraction (PDFF) have not yet been demonstrated.PurposeTo use quantitative CSE-MRI to estimate pancreatic fat changes during a weight-loss program in adults with severe obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). To explore the relationship of reduction in pancreatic PDFF with reductions in anthropometric indices.Study TypeProspective/longitudinal.PopulationNine adults with severe obesity and NAFLD enrolled in a weight-loss program.Field Strength/SequenceCSE-MRI fat quantification techniques and multistation-volumetric fat/water separation techniques were performed at 3 T.AssessmentPDFF values were recorded from parametric maps colocalized across timepoints.Statistical TestsRates of change of log-transformed variables across time were determined (linear-regression), and their significance assessed compared with no change (Wilcoxon test). Rates of change were correlated pairwise (Spearman's correlation).ResultsMean pancreatic PDFF decreased by 5.7% (range 0.7-17.7%) from 14.3 to 8.6%, hepatic PDFF by 11.4% (2.6-22.0%) from 14.8 to 3.4%, weight by 30.9 kg (17.3-64.2 kg) from 119.0 to 88.1 kg, body mass index by 11.0 kg/m2 (6.3-19.1 kg/m2 ) from 44.1 to 32.9 kg/m2 , waist circumference (WC) by 25.2 cm (4.0-41.0 cm) from 133.1 to 107.9 cm, HC by 23.5 cm (4.5-47.0 cm) from 135.8 to 112.3 cm, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) by 2.9 L (1.7-5.7 L) from 7.1 to 4.2 L, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) by 4.0 L (2.9-7.4 L) from 15.0 to 11.0 L. Log-transformed rate of change for pancreatic PDFF was moderately correlated with log-transformed rates for hepatic PDFF, VAT, SCAT, and WC (ρ = 0.5, 0.47, 0.45, and 0.48, respectively), although not statistically significant.Data ConclusionChanges in pancreatic PDFF can be estimated by quantitative CSE-MRI in adults undergoing a weight-loss surgery program. Pancreatic and hepatic PDFF and anthropometric indices decreased significantly.Level Of Evidence2 Technical Efficacy Stage: 1 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2019;50:1092-1102.© 2019 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

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