• Jonathan Benn, Susan Burnett, Anam Parand, Anna Pinto, and Charles Vincent.
• Centre for Patient Safety and Service Quality, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK. j.benn@imperial.ac.uk
• BMJ Qual Saf. 2012 Jul 1;21(7):559-68.

ObjectiveThe study had two specific objectives: (1) To analyse change in a survey measure of organisational patient safety climate and capability (SCC) resulting from participation in the UK Safer Patients Initiative and (2) To investigate the role of a range of programme and contextual factors in predicting change in SCC scores.DesignSingle group longitudinal design with repeated measurement at 12-month follow-up.SettingMultiple service areas within NHS hospital sites across England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.ParticipantsStratified sample of 284 respondents representing programme teams at 19 hospital sites.InterventionA complex intervention comprising a multi-component quality improvement collaborative focused upon patient safety and designed to impact upon hospital leadership, communication, organisation and safety climate.MeasuresA survey including a 31-item SCC scale was administered at two time-points.ResultsModest but significant positive movement in SCC score was observed between the study time-points. Individual programme responsibility, availability of early adopters, multi-professional collaboration and extent of process measurement were significant predictors of change in SCC. Hospital type and size, along with a range of programme preconditions, were not found to be significant.ConclusionA range of social, cultural and organisational factors may be sensitive to this type of intervention but the measurable effect is small. Supporting critical local programme implementation factors may be an effective strategy in achieving development in organisational patient SCC, regardless of contextual factors and organisational preconditions.

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