• Brittany N Burton, Suraj Trivedi, Alexander Beletsky, Ana Mitchell, Emily Nasser, Ulysses Cázares, Maxime Cannesson, Ulrich H Schmidt, and Rodney A Gabriel.
• Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.
• Respir Care. 2021 Dec 1; 66 (12): 178917961789-1796.

BackgroundThe primary objective of this study was to employ a national database to evaluate the association of hospital urbanicity, urban versus rural, on mortality and length of hospital stay in patients hospitalized with acute respiratory failure.MethodsWe used the 2014 National Inpatient Sample database to evaluate the association of hospital urbanicity with (1) mortality and (2) prolonged hospital stay, defined as ≥ 75th percentile of the study population. We conducted a mixed-effects logistic regression analysis adjusting for sociodemographic variables and medical comorbidities. The random effect was hospital identification number (a unique value assigned in the NIS database for a specific institution). The odds ratio (OR), 95% CI, and P values were reported for each independent variable.ResultsThe odds of inpatient mortality were significantly higher among urban teaching (OR 1.39, 95% CI 1.39-1.66, P < .001) and urban nonteaching hospitals (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 1.26-1.52, P < .001) compared to rural hospitals. The odds of prolonged hospital stay were significantly higher among urban teaching (OR = 1.82, 95% CI 1.66-2.0, P < .001) and urban nonteaching compared to rural hospitals (OR = 1.50, 95% CI 1.36-1.65, P < .001).ConclusionsThis study supports the current body of literature that there are significant differences in patient populations among hospital type. Differences in health outcomes among different types of hospitals should be considered when designing policies to address health equity as these are unique populations with specific needs.Copyright © 2021 by Daedalus Enterprises.

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