• Hellenic J Cardiol · Nov 2020

    Review

    Involvement of cardiovascular system as the critical point in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prognosis and recovery.

    • Charalampos Lazaridis, Nikolaos I Vlachogiannis, Constantinos Bakogiannis, Ioakim Spyridopoulos, Kimon Stamatelopoulos, Ioannis Kanakakis, Vassilios Vassilikos, and Konstantinos Stellos.
    • Department of Cardiology, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK; Third Cardiology Department, Hippokrateion University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece; Biosciences Institute, Vascular Biology and Medicine Theme, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
    • Hellenic J Cardiol. 2020 Nov 1; 61 (6): 381-395.

    AbstractThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has already caused more than 300,000 deaths worldwide. Several studies have elucidated the central role of cardiovascular complications in the disease course. Herein, we provide a concise review of current knowledge regarding the involvement of cardiovascular system in the pathogenesis and prognosis of COVID-19. We summarize data from 21 studies involving in total more than 21,000 patients from Asia, Europe, and the USA indicating that severe disease is associated with the presence of myocardial injury, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Additionally, we present the clinical and laboratory differences between recovered and deceased patients highlighting the importance of cardiac manifestations. For the infected patients, underlying cardiovascular comorbidities and particularly existing cardiovascular disease seem to predispose to the development of cardiovascular complications, which are in turn associated with higher mortality rates. We provide mechanistic insights into the underlying mechanisms including direct myocardial damage by the virus and the consequences of the hyperinflammatory syndrome developed later in the disease course. Finally, we summarize current knowledge on therapeutic modalities and recommendations by scientific societies and experts regarding the cardiovascular management of patients with COVID-19.Copyright © 2020 Hellenic Society of Cardiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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