• Leticia Gómez-Sánchez, Marta Gómez-Sánchez, Carmen Patino-Alonso, Jose I Recio-Rodríguez, Jesús González-Sánchez, Cristina Agudo-Conde, José A Maderuelo-Fernández, Emiliano Rodríguez-Sánchez, Luis García-Ortiz, Manuel A Gómez-Marcos, and EVA Investigators.
• Unidad de Investigación en Atención Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Instituto de investigación Biomédica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, España.
• Eur. J. Clin. Invest. 2022 Feb 1; 52 (2): e13684.

IntroductionThe aim of this work was to analyse the association of the retinal arteriolar calibre and the arteriole/venule index (AV index) with vascular ageing in a general population without previous cardiovascular disease.Materials And MethodsDescriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 482 individuals without cardiovascular disease (mean age: 55.6 ± 14.2 years) were selected by random sampling, stratified by age and sex. The retinal arteriolar calibre was measured using digital fundus images of the back of the eye captured with a validated, semiautomatized and computer-assisted software (Index calculator). Vascular ageing was defined using three criteria based on the values of: (1) Carotid-femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (cfPWV), (2) Brachial-ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) and (3) Carotid Intima-Media Thickness.ResultsThe AV index and arteriolar calibre show a negative correlation with age, arterial pressure, cardiovascular risk and parameters of vascular structure and function (p < 0.001 in all cases). We found lower mean values of the AV index and arteriolar calibre in the individuals with early vascular ageing compared to those with healthy vascular ageing. AV index was negatively correlated with cfPWV ((β=-2.9; 95% CI (-4.7; -1.1)), baPWV ((β=-3.2; 95% CI (-5.4; -0.9)) and vascular ageing index ((β=-1.7; 95% CI (-2.7; -0.7)). Arteriolar calibre showed a negative correlation with baPWV (β=-0.1; 95% CI (-0.2; -0.1)). In the logistic regression analysis, lower values of AV index ((OR=0.01; 95% CI (0.01-0.10), OR=0.03; 95% CI (0.01-0.11) and OR=0.09; 95% CI (0.01-0.67)) were associated with EVA defined with cfPWV, baPWV and vascular ageing index respectively, and lower values of arteriolar calibre ((OR=0.71; 95% CI (0.55-0.91)) were associated with EVA defined with vascular ageing index.ConclusionsLower values of AV index and retinal arteriolar calibre were associated with vascular ageing in a general Spanish population without previous cardiovascular disease.© 2021 The Authors. European Journal of Clinical Investigation published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting European Society for Clinical Investigation Journal Foundation.

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