• Hairong Zhang, Cuimei Ma, Yuan Xue, Zongjing Hu, Zhen Xu, Yibo Wang, and Guangxi Zhou.
• Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, P.R. China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 Oct 1; 100 (39): e27296e27296.

RationaleEosinophilic enteritis (EE) is an immune-mediated antigen-driven disease that may lead to clinical symptoms and organ dysfunction and characterized by the presence of extensive eosinophilic infiltrates on histopathological examination of the intestinal mucosa.Patient ConcernsA 29-year-old man presented with a half-month duration of paroxysmal upper abdominal pain that gradually evolved into continuous pain accompanied by the urge to defecate.DiagnosesPathological findings of enteroscopy showed acute and chronic inflammation accompanied by eosinophilic infiltration (>20/ high-power field).InterventionsThe patient was initially treated with IV infusion of dexamethasone 10 mg per day for 3 days, which was reduced to 7.5 mg per day for 2 days once pain relief was achieved. Upon discharged from our hospital, the patient was prescribed with oral prednisolone 30 mg per day, which was reduced by 5 mg per week for 6 weeks until discontinuation.OutcomesThe patient was relieved from the pain after receiving dexamethasone for 5 days, and he was maintained on oral prednisolone 30 mg per day upon discharge from the hospital. On the day of discharge, the eosinophil count and derived ratios were normal.LessonsIn patients with EE, the dynamic changes of the eosinophil count should be monitored. Clinicians must be aware that not all patients with EE have a history of allergies. In the management and treatment of the disease, multisite biopsies should be carried out if EE is suspected, and EE is responsive to steroid therapy.Copyright © 2021 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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