• Ahmed Subahi, Emmanuel Akintoye, Ahmed S Yassin, Hossam Abubakar, Oluwole Adegbala, Tushar Mishra, Mohamed Abdelrahman, Mohamed Shokr, and Luis Afonso.
• Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University/Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan.
• Clin Cardiol. 2019 Jan 1; 42 (1): 26-31.

BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased all-cause mortality in the general population. However, the impact of AF on the in-hospital outcomes of acute myocarditis (AM) patients is not well characterized.MethodsPatients (age ≥ 18 years) with a primary diagnosis of AM in the National Inpatient Sample from 2007 to 2014 were included, using the ICD-9-CM diagnostic codes. We compared the in-hospital outcomes between the AF group and propensity score-matched control group without AF.ResultsAF was reported in 602 (9%) of the AM patients. Compared to those without AF, AM patients with AF experienced higher in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR] 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-2.7, P = 0.02). AF was associated with higher risk of cardiogenic shock (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.3-2.8, P < 0.001), cardiac tamponade (OR 5.6, 95% CI 1.2-25.3, P = 0.002) and acute kidney injury (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.1-2.1, P = 0.02). Furthermore, patients with AF were more likely to have non-routine hospital discharge (31.6% vs 38.4% P = 0.02), longer length of stay and higher cost of hospitalization.ConclusionsAF was associated with increased risk of in-hospital mortality and complications in patients admitted to the hospital with acute myocarditis.© 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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