• Minesh Chotalia, Muzzammil Ali, Ravi Hebballi, Harjot Singh, Dhruv Parekh, Mansoor N Bangash, and Jaimin M Patel.
• Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom.
• Crit. Care Med. 2022 May 1; 50 (5): 770779770-779.

ObjectivesTo evaluate the cause and prognosis of hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction in critically ill patients with sepsis.DesignRetrospective, single-center cohort study.SettingUniversity Hospital ICU, Birmingham, United Kingdom.PatientsICU patients who received a transthoracic echocardiogram within 7 days of sepsis between April 2016 and December 2019.InterventionNone.Measurements And Main ResultsThe 90-day mortality rates of normal (55-70%), depressed (< 55%), and hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction (> 70%) were compared. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association of left ventricular ejection fraction phenotypes with mortality and the association of clinical variables with left ventricular ejection fraction phenotypes. One thousand fourteen patients met inclusion criteria and were 62 years old (interquartile range, 47-72), with mostly respiratory infections (n = 557; 54.9%). Ninety-day mortality was 32.1% (n = 325). Patients with hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction had a higher mortality than depressed and normal left ventricular ejection fraction cohorts (58.9% [n = 103] vs 34.0% [n = 55] vs 24.7% [n = 167]; p < 0.0001, respectively). After multivariate logistic regression, hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction was independently associated with mortality (odds ratio, 3.90 [2.09-7.40]), whereas depressed left ventricular ejection fraction did not (odds ratio, 0.62 [0.28-1.37]). Systemic vascular resistance was inversely associated with hyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction (odds ratio, 0.79 [0.58-0.95]), and age, frailty, and ischemic heart disease were associated with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction.ConclusionsHyperdynamic left ventricular ejection fraction was associated with mortality in septic ICU patients and may reflect unmitigated vasoplegia from sepsis. Depressed left ventricular ejection fraction was not associated with mortality but was associated with cardiovascular disease.Copyright © 2021 by the Society of Critical Care Medicine and Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All Rights Reserved.

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