• Kazuki Takada, Gouji Toyokawa, Koichi Azuma, Shinkichi Takamori, Tomoko Jogo, Fumihiko Hirai, Tetsuzo Tagawa, Akihiko Kawahara, Jun Akiba, Isamu Okamoto, Yoichi Nakanishi, Yoshinao Oda, Tomoaki Hoshino, and Yoshihiko Maehara.
• Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan k_takada@surg2.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
• In Vivo. 2018 Nov 1; 32 (6): 1541-1550.

AimProgrammed cell death-ligand 1 and 2 (PD-L1 and PD-L2) are ligands of the programmed cell death-1 (PD1) receptor. PD1/PD-L1 inhibitors have shown clinical efficacy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, relatively little is known about the expression of PD-L2, or its association with the clinicopathological features of NSCLC. Here, the radiological features of PD-L2-positive lung adenocarcinoma were evaluated.Materials And MethodsPD-L1 and PD-L2 expression were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of surgically-resected specimens from 393 patients with primary lung adenocarcinoma who underwent preoperative thin-section computed tomography (CT), 222 of whom also underwent 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/CT (18F-FDG-PET/CT).ResultsAmong the 393 specimens, 132 (33.6%) and 266 (67.7%) were positive for PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed that the absence of surrounding ground glass opacity and the presence of air bronchogram were significantly associated with PD-L2 expression; however, there was no significant association between PD-L2 expression and the consolidation/tumor ratio. In 222 18F-FDG-PET/CT, the maximum standardized uptake value was significantly higher in patients with PD-L2-positive compared to those with PD-L2-negative tumors.ConclusionPD-L2-positive lung adenocarcinomas are less radiologically malignant and invasive than their PD-L1-positive counterparts.Copyright© 2018, International Institute of Anticancer Research (Dr. George J. Delinasios), All rights reserved.

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