• Lijuan Zhao, Feng Ma, Yan Yu, Yangping Li, Yan Wang, Lijie He, Meilan Zhou, Xiujuan Tian, Rui Jing, Li Li, Lu Li, Chen Huang, Ming Bai, and Shiren Sun.
• Department of Nephrology, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.
• Blood Purif. 2020 Jan 1; 49 (1-2): 44-54.

PurposeThis study was aimed at evaluating the efficacy and safety of regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) versus no-anticoagulation continuous venovenous hemofiltration (CVVH) in acute severe hypernatremia patients with increased bleeding risk.Materials And MethodsAcute severe hypernatremia patients with high bleeding risk who underwent CVVH in our center between January 2011 and October 2017 were considered as candidates. Patients who were <18 years old, with hypovolemic hypernatremia, and had systemic anticoagulation were excluded. The included patients were divided into RCA and no-anticoagulation groups according to their anticoagulation strategy during CVVH and matched by age, sequential organ failure assessment scores, and vasopressor dependency.ResultsOf the 64 included patients, no-anticoagulation and RCA were employed for CVVH in 23 and 41 patients, respectively. The serum sodium reduction rate (RRSeNa) was not significantly different between the no-anticoagulation and RCA groups (p = 0.729). Compared to no-anticoagulation, RCA significantly prolonged the circuit survival time (15 h [4.1-23.9] vs. 51 h [21.3-80.7], p = 0.001). The incidence of filter failure was 65.2% (15/23) in the no-anticoagulation group and 2.4% (1/41) in the RCA group (p < 0.001), respectively. In the matched cohort, the RRSeNas were not different between the 2 groups (p = 0.569), and the filter lifespan was significantly longer in the RCA group as well (p < 0.001).ConclusionRCA might be safe and effective for acute severe hypernatremia patients who underwent CVVH treatment. Further prospective, randomized, control trials are warranted to obtain robust evidences.© 2019 S. Karger AG, Basel.

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