• Bernardo A Martínez-Guerra, Nereyda A de-León-Cividanes, Karla M Tamez-Torres, Carla M Román-Montes, Sandra Rajme-López, Edgar Ortiz-Brizuela, Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas, Juan Sierra-Madero, José Sifuentes-Osornio, Alfredo Ponce-de-León, and María F González-Lara.
• Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
• Rev Invest Clin. 2022 Jan 3; 74 (1): 40-50.

BackgroundTrials evaluating safety and efficacy of tocilizumab in coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) show contradictory results.ObjectiveThe objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of tocilizumab in hospital mortality among patients with severe COVID-19 in a third-level medical center.MethodsThis prospective cohort study included patients with severe and critical COVID-19. Primary outcome was death during hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), days on IMV, ventilator-free days (VFDs), length of hospital stay (LOS), and development of hospitalacquired infections (HAIs). Bivariate, multivariate, and propensity score matching analysis were performed.ResultsDuring the study period, 99/794 (12%) patients received tocilizumab. Male patients, health care workers, and patients with increased inflammatory markers received tocilizumab more frequently. No difference in hospital mortality was observed between groups (34% vs. 34%, p = 0.98). Tocilizumab was not independently associated with mortality. No significant treatment effects were observed in propensity score analysis. IMV was more frequent (46% vs. 11%, p < 0.01) and LOS was longer (12 vs. 7 days, p < 0.01) in the tocilizumab group, reflecting increased severity. Although HAIs were more frequent in the tocilizumab group (22% vs. 10%, p < 0.01), no difference was seen after adjusting for IMV (38% vs. 40%, p = 0.86).ConclusionsIn our study, tocilizumab was not associated with decreased hospital mortality among patients with severe COVID-19.

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