• Matthias Meyer, Tobias Renkawitz, Florian Völlner, Achim Benditz, Joachim Grifka, and Markus Weber.
• Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Regensburg University Medical Center, Asklepios Klinikum Bad Abbach, Kaiser-Karl V.-Allee 3, 93077, Bad Abbach, Germany. matthias.meyer@ukr.de.
• Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2021 Nov 1; 141 (11): 1983-1991.

IntroductionBecause of the ongoing discussion of imageless navigation in total knee arthroplasty (TKA), its advantages and disadvantages were evaluated in a large patient cohort.MethodsThis retrospective analysis included 2464 patients who had undergone TKA at a high-volume university arthroplasty center between 2012 and 2017. Navigated and conventional TKA were compared regarding postoperative mechanical axis, surgery duration, complication rates, one-year postoperative patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) (WOMAC and EQ-5D indices), and responder rates as defined by the criteria of the Outcome Measures in Rheumatology and Osteoarthritis Research Society International consensus (OMERACT-OARSI).ResultsBoth navigated (1.8 ± 1.6°) and conventional TKA (2.1 ± 1.6°, p = 0.002) enabled the exact reconstruction of mechanical axis. Surgery duration was six minutes longer for navigated TKA than for conventional TKA (p < 0.001). Complication rates were low in both groups with comparable frequencies: neurological deficits (p = 0.39), joint infection (p = 0.42 and thromboembolic events (p = 0.03). Periprosthetic fractures occurred more frequently during conventional TKA (p = 0.001). One-year PROMs showed excellent improvement in both groups. The WOMAC index was statistically higher for navigated TKA than for conventional TKA (74.7 ± 19.0 vs. 71.7 ± 20.7, p = 0.014), but the increase was not clinically relevant. Both groups had a similarly high EQ-5D index (0.23 ± 0.24 vs. 0.26 ± 0.25, p = 0.11) and responder rate (86.5% [256/296] vs. 85.9% [981/1142], p = 0.92).ConclusionBoth methods enable accurate postoperative leg alignment with low complication rates and equally successful PROMs and responder rates one year postoperatively.Level Of EvidenceIII. Retrospective cohort study.© 2021. The Author(s).

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