• Juan Xiao, Xiaoning He, Juan Tian, Honghai Chen, Jing Liu, and Chao Yang.
• Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, No. 467 Zhongshan Road, Shahekou District, Dalian, Liaoning, China.
• Sci Rep. 2020 Oct 14; 10 (1): 17242.

AbstractTo investigate the application value of magnetic resonance diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI) in hypoxic-ischemic brain damage (HIBD) in newborn piglets and to compare imaging and pathological results. Of 36 piglets investigated, 18 were in the experimental group and 18 in the control group. The HIBD model was established in newborn piglets by ligating the bilateral common carotid arteries and placing them into hypoxic chamber. All piglets underwent conventional MRI and DKI scans at 3, 6, 9, 12, 16, and 24 h postoperatively. Mean kurtosis (MK) and mean diffusivity (MD) maps were constructed. Then, the lesions were examined using light and electron microscopy and compared with DKI images. The MD value of the lesion area gradually decreased and the MK value gradually increased in the experimental group with time. The lesion areas gradually expanded with time; MK lesions were smaller than MD lesions. Light microscopy revealed neuronal swelling in the MK- and MD-matched and mismatched regions. Electron microscopy demonstrated obvious mitochondrial swelling and autophagosomes in the MK- and MD-matched region but normal mitochondrial morphology or mild swelling in the mismatched region. DKI can accurately evaluate early ischemic-hypoxic brain injury in newborn piglets.

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