• Stavros Prineas, Martin Culwick, and Yasmin Endlich.
• Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales.
• Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 2021 Dec 1; 34 (6): 752760752-760.

Purpose Of ReviewThis article proposes a standardized framework for colour-coding states of criticality in clinical situations and their respective escalated responses.Recent FindingsThe first level is a green zone representing a 'safe' space (to proceed), where any hazards are controlled, latent or undetectable. The second is an amber zone, where hazards are known to be present, but one can proceed with caution and increased vigilance, and where defences are used to prevent escalation to a crisis. In the red phase -- a state of crisis -- a hazard is realized, clear and present. This is a time to decide what actions are required to mitigate the threat. Next, a blue phase refers to a life-threatening emergency, where the system is unstable, harm is evident and compounding upon itself, and immediate rescue action is needed to avert an irreversible outcome. Finally, dark grey represents the aftermath, where the situation has either stabilized or progressed to its final outcome, a time to reflect and learn.SummaryA standardized colour-coding system for assessing and responding to escalating levels of criticality has implications for clinical practice and adverse event reporting systems.Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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