• Peter W Rose, Willie Hamilton, Kate Aldersey, Andriana Barisic, Martin Dawes, Catherine Foot, Eva Grunfeld, Nigel Hart, Richard D Neal, Marie Pirotta, Jeffrey Sisler, Hans Thulesius, Peter Vedsted, Jane Young, Greg Rubin, and ICBP Module 3 Working Group*.
• Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, New Radcliffe House, 2nd Floor, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, University of Oxford, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6GG, UK. peter.rose@phc.ox.ac.uk.
• Bmc Fam Pract. 2014 Jun 17; 15: 122.

BackgroundSurvival rates following a diagnosis of cancer vary between countries. The International Cancer Benchmarking Partnership (ICBP), a collaboration between six countries with primary care led health services, was set up in 2009 to investigate the causes of these differences. Module 3 of this collaboration hypothesised that an association exists between the readiness of primary care physicians (PCP) to investigate for cancer - the 'threshold' risk level at which they investigate or refer to a specialist for consideration of possible cancer - and survival for that cancer (lung, colorectal and ovarian). We describe the development of an international survey instrument to test this hypothesis.MethodsThe work was led by an academic steering group in England. They agreed that an online survey was the most pragmatic way of identifying differences between the jurisdictions. Research questions were identified through clinical experience and expert knowledge of the relevant literature.A survey comprising a set of direct questions and five clinical scenarios was developed to investigate the hypothesis. The survey content was discussed and refined concurrently and repeatedly with international partners. The survey was validated using an iterative process in England. Following validation the survey was adapted to be relevant to the health systems operating in other jurisdictions and translated into Danish, Norwegian and Swedish, and into Canadian and Australian English.ResultsThis work has produced a survey with face, content and cross cultural validity that will be circulated in all six countries. It could also form a benchmark for similar surveys in countries with similar health care systems.ConclusionsThe vignettes could also be used as educational resources. This study is likely to impact on healthcare policy and practice in participating countries.

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