• Fan Zhang, Hui Wang, Liuyan Huang, and Huachun Zhang.
• Department of Nephrology, Long Hua Hospital, Shanghai, China 1051071914@qq.com.
• BMJ Open. 2021 Feb 11; 11 (2): e043011.

IntroductionAn increasing number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials have begun to investigate the effects of exercise interventions in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). To systematically appraise and synthesise these results, we will conduct an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.Methods And AnalysisThis is a protocol for an overview of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. We will search four databases: PubMed, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection and Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of clinical trials evaluating the effect of exercise interventions on patients with CKD will be included. Two independent authors will screen titles and abstracts retrieved in the literature search and select studies meeting the eligibility criteria for full-text review. The methodological quality of the included reviews will be assessed using A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews-2. We estimate the summary effects for each meta-analyses based on the standardised mean difference and its 95% CI. Additionally, the heterogeneity will be assessed by I 2 evidence of small-study effect and the quality of evidence using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system.Ethics And DisseminationEthics approval are not required as no private information from individuals is collected. The results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal or disseminated in relevant conferences.Prospero Registration NumberCRD42020223591.© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2021. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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