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- Elizabeth H Holt.
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Yale Medical School, PO Box 208020, New Haven, CT 06520-8020, USA. Electronic address: elizabeth.holt@yale.edu.
- Med. Clin. North Am. 2021 Nov 1; 105 (6): 1017-1031.
AbstractThyroid nodules may be discovered in a variety of settings. Familiarity with their management is important for medical specialists. Workup should start with history and physical examination, proceed to laboratory studies, and then to imaging. Nodules are selected for fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy based on imaging criteria. Most nodules can be accurately diagnosed on cytopathology, but some may require additional molecular testing to evaluate risk of malignancy. Patients with malignant lesions require additional investigation before referral to an experienced thyroid surgeon. Those who have benign lesions may require monitoring by periodic ultrasound to identify nodules requiring reevaluation.Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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