• Brian C Kelly, H Jonathon Rendina, Mike Vuolo, Brooke E Wells, and Jeffrey T Parsons.
• Department of Sociology, Purdue University, 700 W State Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; Center for HIV Educational Studies & Training, 142 West 36th Street, 9th Floor, New York, NY 10018, USA. Electronic address: bckelly@purdue.edu.
• J Subst Abuse Treat. 2015 Jan 1; 48 (1): 49-55.

AbstractPrescription drug misuse has emerged as a significant problem among young adults. While the effects of motivational contexts have been demonstrated for illicit drugs, the role of motivational contexts in prescription drug misuse remains understudied. Using data from 400 young adults recruited via time-space sampling, we examined the role of motivational contexts in the frequency of misuse of three prescription drug types as well as drug-related problems and symptoms of dependency. Both negative and positive motivations to use drugs are associated with increases in prescription drug misuse frequency. Only negative motivations are associated directly with drug problems and drug dependence, as well as indirectly via prescription pain killer misuse. Addressing positive and negative motivational contexts of prescription drug misuse may not only provide a means to reduce misuse and implement harm reduction measures, but may also inform the content of treatment plans for young adults with prescription drug misuse problems. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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