• Manuel Martin-Flores, Cheyenne J Cannarozzo, Chia T Tseng, Augusto M Lorenzutti, Joaquin D Araos, H Jay Harvey, Robin D Gleed, and Luis Campoy.
• Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. Electronic address: martinflores@cornell.edu.
• Vet Anaesth Analg. 2020 May 1; 47 (3): 295-300.

ObjectiveTo evaluate arterial oxygenation during the first 4 postoperative hours in dogs administered different fractions of inspired oxygen (FiO2) during general anesthesia with mechanical ventilation.Study DesignProspective, randomized clinical trial.AnimalsA total of 20 healthy female dogs, weighing >15 kg and body condition scores 3-7/9, admitted for ovariohysterectomy.MethodsDogs were randomized to breathe an FiO2 >0.9 or 0.4 during isoflurane anesthesia with intermittent positive pressure ventilation. The intraoperative PaO2:FiO2 ratio was recorded during closure of the linea alba. Arterial blood was obtained 5, 60 and 240 minutes after extubation for measurement of PaO2 and PaCO2 (FiO2 = 0.21). Demographic characteristics, duration of anesthesia, PaO2:FiO2 ratio and anesthetic agents were compared between groups with Wilcoxon tests. The postoperative PaO2, PaCO2, rectal temperature, a visual sedation score and events of hypoxemia (PaO2 < 80 mmHg) were compared between groups with mixed-effects models or generalized linear mixed models.ResultsGroups were indistinguishable by demographic characteristics, duration of anesthesia, anesthetic agents administered and intraoperative PaO2:FiO2 ratio (all p > 0.08). Postoperative PaO2, PaCO2, rectal temperature or sedation score were not different between groups (all p > 0.07). During the first 4 postoperative hours, hypoxemia occurred in three and seven dogs that breathed FiO2 >0.9 or 0.4 during anesthesia, respectively (p = 0.04).Conclusions And Clinical RelevanceThe results identified no advantage to decreasing FiO2 to 0.4 during anesthesia with mechanical ventilation with respect to postoperative oxygenation. Moreover, the incidence of hypoxemia in the first 4 hours after anesthesia was higher in these dogs than in dogs breathing FiO2 >0.9.Copyright © 2020 Association of Veterinary Anaesthetists and American College of Veterinary Anesthesia and Analgesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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