• Annukka Vahtera, Miia Valkonen, Heini Huhtala, Ville Pettilä, and Anne Kuitunen.
• Tampere University Hospital, Critical Care Medicine Research Group, PO Box 2000, 33521 Tampere, Finland. Electronic address: annukka.vahtera@pshp.fi.
• Thromb. Res. 2017 Oct 1; 158: 71-75.

IntroductionIn intensive care unit (ICU) patients, subcutaneous low-molecular weight heparin thromboprophylaxis results in lower plasma anti-factor Xa (anti-FXa) levels compared to general ward patients. The aim of this study was to examine whether enoxaparin thromboprophylaxis given as a continuous intravenous infusion (CII) results in more constant and predictable anti-FXa concentration than standard subcutaneous bolus (SCB) administration.Materials And MethodsThis was a prospective, single-blind, multicenter, randomized controlled trial where ICU patients requiring thromboprophylaxis received enoxaparin either 40mg as a SCB once daily or 40mg as a CII over 24h for three consecutive days. The primary outcome was maximum serum anti-FXa concentration (Cmax24h) within the first 24h; the secondary outcome was anti-FXa area under the curve (AUC)(0-24h). Trough level was measured at 72h.ResultsThirty-nine patients were included in the intention to treat analysis. The median anti-FXa Cmax24h was 0.05 (interquartile range, IQR, 0.05-0.18) IU/ml in the CII group and 0.18 (IQR, 0.12-0.33) IU/ml in the SCB group (p=0.05). Median anti-FXa AUC(0-24h) was 1.20 (IQR, 0.98-2.88) in the CII and 1.54 (IQR, 1.22-4.12) in the SCB group (p=0.095). After 72h, 66.7% of patients in the CII group had a detectable anti-FXa concentration of >0.1IU/ml, compared with 16.7% in the SCB group (p=0.019).ConclusionsContinuous infusion of enoxaparin led to lower anti-FXa Cmax24h than standard SCB administration. No difference in anti-FXa AUC0-24h was detected.Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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