• Cancer letters · Sep 2018

    Review

    MicroRNA-mediated immune regulation in rheumatic diseases.

    • Ian Kar Yin Lam, Jia Xin Chow, Chak Sing Lau, and Vera Sau Fong Chan.
    • Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
    • Cancer Lett. 2018 Sep 1; 431: 201-212.

    AbstractMicroRNAs (miRNAs) are endogenous small, non-coding RNAs that regulate genome expression at the post-transcriptional level. They are involved in a wide range of physiological processes including the maintenance of immune homeostasis and normal function. Accumulating evidence from animal studies show that alterations in pan or specific miRNA expression would break immunological tolerance, leading to autoimmunity. Differential miRNA expressions have also been documented in patients of many autoimmune disorders. In this review, we highlight the evidence that signifies the critical role of miRNAs in autoimmunity, specifically on their regulatory roles in the pathogenesis of several rheumatic diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. The potential of miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets is also discussed. Manipulation of dysregulated miRNAs in vivo through miRNA delivery or inhibition offers promise for new therapeutic strategies in treating rheumatic diseases.Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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