• Oliver Boney, S Ramani Moonesinghe, Paul S Myles, GrocottMichael P WMPWIntegrative Physiology and Critical Illness Group, Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Perioperative and Critical Care Theme, Southampton NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, and StEP-COMPAC group.
• Surgical Outcomes Research Centre, University College Hospital, London, UK; Health Services Research Centre, National Institute of Academic Anaesthesia, Royal College of Anaesthetists, London, UK. Electronic address: oliver.boney1@nhs.net.
• Br J Anaesth. 2022 Jan 1; 128 (1): 174-185.

BackgroundOutcome selection underpins clinical trial interpretation. Inconsistency in outcome selection and reporting hinders comparison of different trials' results, reducing the utility of research findings.MethodsWe conducted an iterative consensus process to develop a set of Core Outcome Measures for Perioperative and Anaesthetic Care (COMPAC), following the established Core Outcome Measures for Effectiveness Trials (COMET) methodology. First, we undertook a systematic review of RCTs in high-impact journals to describe current outcome reporting trends. We then surveyed patients, carers, researchers, and perioperative clinicians about important outcomes after surgery. Finally, a purposive stakeholder sample participated in a modified Delphi process to develop a core outcome set for perioperative and anaesthesia trials.ResultsOur systematic review revealed widespread inconsistency in outcome reporting, with variable or absent definitions, levels of detail, and temporal criteria. In the survey, almost all patients, carers, and clinicians rated clinical outcome measures critically important, but clinicians rated patient-centred outcomes less highly than patients and carers. The final core outcome set was: (i) mortality/survival (postoperative mortality, long-term survival); (ii) perioperative complications (major postoperative complications/adverse events; complications/adverse events causing permanent harm); (iii) resource use (length of hospital stay, unplanned readmission within 30 days); (iv) short-term recovery (discharge destination, level of dependence, or both); and (v) longer-term recovery (overall health-related quality of life).ConclusionsThis core set, incorporating important outcomes for both clinicians and patients, should guide outcome selection in future perioperative medicine or anaesthesia trials. Mapping these alongside standardised endpoint definitions will yield a comprehensive perioperative outcome framework.Copyright © 2021 British Journal of Anaesthesia. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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