• Masaho Okada, Hirotaka Watanuki, Tochii Masato, Kayo Sugiyama, Yasuhiro Futamura, and Katsuhiko Matsuyama.
• Department of Cardiac Surgery, Aichi Medical University Hospital, Aichi, Japan.
• J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. 2022 Aug 1; 36 (8 Pt A): 2335-2338.

ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate whether tracheostomy timing in patients undergoing cardiac surgery had an impact on outcomes.DesignRetrospective, observational study.SettingSingle-center university hospital.ParticipantsPatients requiring tracheostomy among a total of 961 patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery via a median sternotomy from January 2014 to March 2021.InterventionsEarly versus late tracheostomy.Measurements And Main ResultsDuring the study period, tracheostomy was performed in 28 patients (2.9%). According to tracheostomy timing, postoperative day seven was chosen as the cutoff to define early (≤seven days) and late (>seven days) tracheostomy. Patients in the early-tracheostomy group had a significantly shorter ventilation time after tracheostomy compared with the late-tracheostomy group (p = 0.039), and early tracheostomy resulted in a reduction in total ventilation time (p = 0.001). The incidence of pressure ulcers was significantly lower in the early-tracheostomy group compared with the late- tracheostomy group. There was a higher tracheal tube removal rate in the early-tracheostomy group compared with the late-tracheostomy group (p = 0.0007). The one-year survival rate in the early- and late-tracheostomy groups was 65% and 31%, respectively. The long-term mortality rate was significantly lower in the early-tracheostomy group compared with the late- tracheostomy group (p = 0.04).ConclusionsEarly tracheostomy (Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.

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