• Li Huang, Radhouene Neji, Muhummad Sohaib Nazir, John Whitaker, Phuoc Duong, Fiona Reid, Filippo Bosio, Amedeo Chiribiri, Reza Razavi, and Sébastien Roujol.
• The School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
• J Magn Reson Imaging. 2020 Feb 1; 51 (2): 492-504.

BackgroundConventional myocardial T1 mapping techniques such as modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) generate one T1 map per breathhold. T1 mapping with full left ventricular coverage may be desirable when spatial T1 variations are expected. This would require multiple breathholds, increasing patient discomfort and prolonging scan time.PurposeTo develop and characterize a novel FASt single-breathhold 2D multislice myocardial T1 mapping (FAST1) technique for full left ventricular coverage.Study TypeProspective.Population/PhantomNumerical simulation, agarose/NiCl2 phantom, 9 healthy volunteers, and 17 patients.Field Strength/Sequence1.5T/FAST1.AssessmentTwo FAST1 approaches, FAST1-BS and FAST1-IR, were characterized and compared with standard 5-(3)-3 MOLLI in terms of accuracy, precision/spatial variability, and repeatability.Statistical TestsKruskal-Wallis, Wilcoxon signed rank tests, intraclass correlation coefficient analysis, analysis of variance, Student's t-tests, Pearson correlation analysis, and Bland-Altman analysis.ResultsIn simulation/phantom, FAST1-BS, FAST1-IR, and MOLLI had an accuracy (expressed as T1 error) of 0.2%/4%, 6%/9%, and 4%/7%, respectively, while FAST1-BS and FAST1-IR had a precision penalty of 1.7/1.5 and 1.5/1.4 in comparison with MOLLI, respectively. In healthy volunteers, FAST1-BS/FAST1-IR/MOLLI led to different native myocardial T1 times (1016 ± 27 msec/952 ±22 msec/987 ± 23 msec, P < 0.0001) and spatial variability (66 ± 10 msec/57 ± 8 msec/46 ± 7 msec, P < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences between all techniques for T1 repeatability (P = 0.18). In vivo native and postcontrast myocardial T1 times in both healthy volunteers and patients using FAST1-BS/FAST1-IR were highly correlated with MOLLI (Pearson correlation coefficient ≥0.93).Data ConclusionFAST1 enables myocardial T1 mapping with full left ventricular coverage in three separated breathholds. In comparison with MOLLI, FAST1 yield a 5-fold increase of spatial coverage, limited penalty of T1 precision/spatial variability, no significant difference of T1 repeatability, and highly correlated T1 times. FAST1-IR provides improved T1 precision/spatial variability but reduced accuracy when compared with FAST1-BS.Level Of Evidence1 Technical Efficacy: Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;51:492-504.© 2019 The Authors. Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.

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