• Helena C Maltezou, Vasilios Raftopoulos, Rengina Vorou, Kalliopi Papadima, Kassiani Mellou, Nikolaos Spanakis, Athanasios Kossyvakis, Georgia Gioula, Maria Exindari, Elisavet Froukala, Beatriz Martinez-Gonzalez, Georgios Panayiotakopoulos, Anna Papa, Andreas Mentis, and Athanasios Tsakris.
• Directorate of Research, Studies, and Documentation, National Public Health Organization, Athens, Greece.
• J. Infect. Dis. 2021 Apr 8; 223 (7): 1132-1138.

BackgroundThere is limited information on the association between upper respiratory tract (URT) viral loads, host factors, and disease severity in SARS-CoV-2-infected patients.MethodsWe studied 1122 patients (mean age, 46 years) diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). URT viral load, measured by PCR cycle threshold, was categorized as high, moderate, or low.ResultsThere were 336 (29.9%) patients with comorbidities; 309 patients (27.5%) had high, 316 (28.2%) moderate, and 497 (44.3%) low viral load. In univariate analyses, compared to patients with moderate or low viral load, patients with high viral load were older, more often had comorbidities, developed Symptomatic disease (COVID-19), were intubated, and died. Patients with high viral load had longer stay in intensive care unit and longer intubation compared to patients with low viral load (P values < .05 for all comparisons). Patients with chronic cardiovascular disease, hypertension, chronic pulmonary disease, immunosuppression, obesity, and chronic neurological disease more often had high viral load (P value < .05 for all comparisons). In multivariate analysis high viral load was associated with COVID-19. Level of viral load was not associated with any other outcome.ConclusionsURT viral load could be used to identify patients at higher risk for morbidity or severe outcome.© The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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