• Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. · Oct 2014

    Review

    Multimodal treatment of pain.

    • Manu Mathews.
    • Pain Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. Electronic address: mathews.manu@gmail.com.
    • Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. 2014 Oct 1; 25 (4): 803-8.

    AbstractChronic pain is a complex disorder with extensive overlap in sensory and limbic pathways. It needs systemic therapy in addition to focused local treatment. This article discusses treatment modalities other than surgical and interventional approaches and also discusses the literature regarding these treatment modalities, including pharmacotherapy, physical and occupational therapy, psychological approaches including cognitive behavior therapy, and other adjunctive treatments like yoga and tai chi. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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