• Emerg Med Australas · Jun 2022

    Association between intravenous fluid resuscitation and outcome among patients with suspected infection and sepsis: A retrospective cohort study.

    • Gladis Kabil, Sophie Liang, Anthony Delaney, Stephen Macdonald, Kelly Thompson, Aldo Saavedra, Carl Suster, Michelle Moscova, Stephen McNally, Steven Frost, Deborah Hatcher, and Amith Shetty.
    • School of Nursing and Midwifery, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia.
    • Emerg Med Australas. 2022 Jun 1; 34 (3): 361-369.

    ObjectiveTo investigate the association between timing and volume of intravenous fluids administered to ED patients with suspected infection and all-cause in-hospital mortality.MethodsRetrospective cohort study of ED presentations at four metropolitan hospitals in Sydney, Australia, between October 2018 and May 2019. Patients over 16 years of age with suspected infection who received intravenous fluids within 24 h of presentation were included.ResultsDuring the study period, 7533 patients with suspected infection received intravenous fluids. Of these, 1996 (26.5%) and 231 (3.1%) had suspected sepsis and septic shock, respectively. Each 1000 mL increase in intravenous fluids administered was associated with a reduction in risk of in-hospital mortality (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 0.87, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.76-0.99). This association was stronger in patients with septic shock (AOR 0.66, 95% CI 0.49-0.89), and those admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) (AOR 0.74, 95% CI 0.56-0.96). Patients with suspected sepsis and septic shock who received a total volume of >3600 mL had lower in-hospital mortality (AOR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22-0.91; AOR 0.16, 95% CI 0.05-0.57) compared to those administered <3600 mL within the first 24 h of presenting to the ED. There was no association between the time of initiation of fluids and in-hospital mortality among survivors and non-survivors (2.3 vs 2.5 h, P = 0.50).ConclusionWe observed a reduction in risk of in-hospital mortality for each 1000 mL increase in intravenous fluids administered in patients with septic shock or admitted to ICU suggesting illness severity to be a likely effect modifier.© 2021 Australasian College for Emergency Medicine.

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