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- K A Nauer, B Schouchoff, and K Demitras.
- Cardiovascular Service, West Penn Allegheny Health System, Allegheny General Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
- Crit Care Nurs Q. 2000 May 1; 23 (1): 66-71.
AbstractHeart surgery has seen the emergence of minimally invasive surgery in the quest for less traumatic and less painful surgery. This procedure can be provided without the increased cost of endoscopic instrumentation by use of standard instrumentation, cannulation, and prostheses. A small incision and partially split sternum provide the patient with less postoperative pain and bleeding and early extubation and discharge from the hospital.
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