• Hui Li, Yefeng Shen, Yuanzhou Wu, Shaoru Cai, Yaru Zhu, Siping Chen, Xin Chen, and Qunqing Chen.
• Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
• J. Surg. Res. 2019 Nov 1; 243: 346-353.

BackgroundSurgery is the gold standard therapy for patients with early-stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) may provide as an alternative for patients who are medically inoperable or refuse surgical resection. The optimal treatment (SBRT or surgery) for patients with early-stage NSCLC is not clear.MethodsA systematic search was performed from PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Library. Study heterogeneity and publication bias were estimated.ResultsFourteen cohort studies involving 1438 participants (719 who received SBRT and 719 who received surgery) were included in the meta-analysis. The main bias sources between the two groups, such as age, gender, tumor diameter, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, and Charlson comorbidity index were matched. The surgery was associated with a better overall survival (OS) and long-term distant control (DC) for early-stage NSCLC. The pooled OR and 95% confidence interval (CI) for 1-y, 3-y, 5-y OS, and 5-y DC were 1.56 (1.12-2.15), 1.86 (1.50-2.31), 2.43 (1.80-3.28), and 2.74 (1.12-6.67), respectively. No difference was found between the treatments in the 1-y and 3-y disease-free survival; 1-y, 3-y and 5-y locoregional control; or 1-y and 3-y DC.ConclusionsOur results found a superior OS and long-term DC for early-stage NSCLC after surgery compared with SBRT after propensity score matching.Copyright © 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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