• RejebMohamed BenMBDepartment of Prevention and Care Safety, Hospital of Sahloul, Route Ceinture Sahloul, Sousse, Tunisia. mohamed_benrejeb@yahoo.fr, mohamed.benrejeb@rns.tn., Jihene Sahli, Dhekra Chebil, Selwa Khefacha-Aissa, Nadia Jaidane, Balsam Kacem, Houssem Hmouda, Lamine Dhidah, Houyem Said-Latiri, and Walid Naija.
• Department of Prevention and Care Safety, Hospital of Sahloul, Route Ceinture Sahloul, Sousse, Tunisia. mohamed_benrejeb@yahoo.fr, mohamed.benrejeb@rns.tn.
• Arch Iran Med. 2016 Mar 1; 19 (3): 179-85.

BackgroundNosocomial infections are public health issues that are associated with high mortality in intensive care units. This study aimed to determine nosocomial infection-associated mortality in Tunisian intensive care units and identify its risk factors.MethodsA prospective cohort study was carried out in intensive care units of a Tunisian University Hospital. The ICUs-wide active surveillance of nosocomial infections has been performed between 1 July 2010 and 30 June 2011. Data collection was based on Rea-Raisin protocol 2009 of "Institut National de Veille Sanitaire" (InVS, Saint Maurice - France). We used Kaplan Meier survival analysis and Cox Proportional Hazard regression to identify independent risk factors of nosocomial infection-associated mortality.ResultsSixty-seven patients presented nosocomial infection in the end of the surveillance. The mean age of patients was 44.71 ± 21.2 years. Of them, 67.2% were male and 32.8% female. Nosocomial bacteremia was the most frequent infection (68.6%). Nosocomial infection-associated mortality rate was 35.8% (24/67). Bacteremia (Hazard Ratio (HR)) = 3.03, 95% Confidential Interval (95% CI): [1.23 - 7.45], P = 0.016) and trauma (HR = 3.6, 95% CI: [1.16 - 11.2], P = 0.026) were identified by Cox regression as independent risk factors for NI-associated mortality.ConclusionsOur rate was relatively high. We need to improve the care of trauma patients and intensify the fight against nosocomial infections especially bacteremia.

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