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- Dusty Marie Narducci, Byron Moran, Eric Coris, Athanasios Tsalatsanis, Ian Graulich, and Gianluca Del Rossi.
- From the Department of Family Medicine, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine Office of Research, and Department of Orthopedics, Univer... more
- South. Med. J. 2021 Dec 1; 114 (12): 760-765.
ObjectiveTo determine whether scores obtained from Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) or the General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) instruments administered following a concussion can be used to predict recovery time.MethodRetrospective cohort study in a university-based specialty concussion center of 502 concussed participants. Participants completed a PHQ-9 and GAD-7 during their initial visit and subsequent visits during the recovery period (ie, at 14, 28, 56, and 84 days).ResultsThe median recovery time from a concussion was 21 days from the initial clinical evaluation; however, individuals with a PHQ-9 score ≤ 6 (n = 262) had a median recovery time of 17 (95% confidence interval [CI] 15-19) days, whereas those with PHQ-9 scores >6 (n = 240) had a median recovery time of 33 (95% CI 28-37) days and a hazard ratio of 0.525 (95% CI 0.438-0.629, P < 0.0001). For individuals with a GAD-7 score ≤ 4 (n = 259), the median recovery was 19 (95% CI 17-21), days whereas for those with a GAD-7 score > 4 (n = 243), the median recovery was 32 (95% CI 28-36) days with a hazard ratio of 0.554 (95% CI 0.462-0.664, P < 0.00).ConclusionsScores obtained from PHQ-9 and GAD-7 screening tools appear to be predictive of an individual's recovery and may help identify those subjects who may benefit from early psychological interventions.
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